zamakshri

Abu al-Qasim Mahmud ibn Umar al-
Zamakhshari. Known widely as
al-Zamakhshari (in Persian: محمود
زمخشری). Also called Jar Allah
(Arabic for "God's neighbour") (1074 or
1075 – 1143 or 1144) was a
medieval Muslim scholar of Iranian
origin [1][2][3][4], who subscribed
to the Muʿtazilite theological doctrine,
who was born in Khwarezmia,
but lived most of his life in Bukhara,
Samarkand, and Baghdad.
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Biography
• 2 Works
o 2.1 Zamakhshari and the Chorasmian
Language
• 3 See also
• 4 References
• 5 External links
[edit] Biography
Al-Zamakhshari was born in
Zamakhshar, Khwarezmia, and became
a
renowned scholar of the Mutazilite
school of Islam[citation needed].
He used Persian for some of his work,
although he was a strong
supporter of the Arabic language as
well as an opponent of the
Shu'ubiyya movement.[5] After losing
one of his feet to frostbite, he
carried a notarized declaration that his
foot was missing due to
accident, rather than a legal
amputation for any crime.[6]
He is best known for Al-Kashshaaf, a
seminal commentary on the Qur'an.
The commentary is famous for its deep
linguistic analysis of the
verses, however has been criticised for
the inclusion of Mu'tazilite
philosophical views.
For many years he stayed in Makkah,
for which he became known as
Jar-Allah ("God's neighbour"). He later
returned to Khwarizm, where he
died at the capital Jurjaniyya.
He died in 1144 at al-Jurjaniya,
Khwarezm.
He studied at Bukhara and Samarkand
while enjoying the fellowship of
jurists of Baghdad.
[edit] Works
Zamakhshari's fame as a commentator
rests upon his commentary on the
Qur'an. In spite of its Mu'tazili theology
it was famous among
scholars.
Works include:
• Al-Kashshaaf ("the Revealer", Arabic:
کشاف ) — A tafsir of the Qur'an) [7]
• Rabi al-Abrar [7]
• Asasul-Balaghat dar-Lughat
(Arabic: اساس البلاغه ) — Literature
[7]
• Fasul-ul-Akhbar [7]
• Fraiz Dar-ilm Fariz [7]
• Kitab-Fastdar-Nahr [7]
• Muajjam-ul-Hadud [7]
• Manha Darusul [7]
• Diwan-ul-Tamsil [7]
• Sawaer-ul-Islam [7]
• Muqaddimat al-Adab [8] مقدمه الادب
(Arabic to Chorasmian Language
dictionary)
• کتاب الامکنه والجبال والمیاه
(Geography))
• مفصل انموذج (Nahw: Arabic
grammar)
• and more [7]
[edit] Zamakhshari and the Chorasmian
Language
The greater part of the now extinct
Iranian Chorasmian language
vocabulary is to be found in the form
of interlinear glosses
throughout a single manuscript (of ca.
596/1200) of the Moqaddemat
al-adab by the native Chorasmian
speaker, Zamakhshari[3]. Some other
manuscripts of the same work contain
but a few such glosses. Thus the
Moqaddemat al-adab is a very
important primary source for the study
of
this extinct language.